ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Cancer. 2020;126(1):202–210. nina.kadan-lottick@yale.eduWhile in healthy adults and children low BMD is associated with fracture risk, this relationship still needs to be clarified in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). This cross-sectional study analysed BMD and fracture history in 542 childhood leukaemia/lymphoma survivors, who received guideline-recommended DXA sur...

To read the full abstract: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019;116(27):13670–13679. doi: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31213533/In this paper, Perry et al. studied several animal models to disentangle the mechanism by which leptin suppresses hunger. In rats, the hyperphagia induced by a 48 h fast, or a hypoglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, or uncontrolled diabetes, was completely s...

To read the full abstract: Science 2019;365:eaat9351.As in humans, weight gain in mice leads to fatty liver disease, inflammatory adipose tissue, and insulin resistance. The depletion of the microbiota through antibiotic treatment rescued this weight gain. The cohousing of T-Myd88–/– mice transferred the weight gain to wild-type mice. The major feature of the microbiota formed within T-Myd88–/– mice was a reduction in Clostri...

To read the full abstract: This genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 16,992 cases of anorexia nervosa and 55 525 controls identified 8 significant loci. The findings show that the genetic architecture of anorexia nervosa mirrors its clinical features, showing significant genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia), physical activity, and metabolic (including glycemic), lipid and anthropometric trait...

To read the full abstract: Ann Neurol 2018;84:611–615This paper examined the concentrations of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXY) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of autistic children (n=36) compared to controls children without psychiatric disease who needed lumbar puncture for some medical reason (n=36). The authors hypothesized that if these neuropeptides are involved ...

To read the full abstract: Science 2019;363(6424).A wide range of human diseases result from haploinsufficiency, where gene expression is decreased as compared to normal conditions. Haploinsufficiency is a typical mechanism in autosomal dominant disorders. Rare mutations in Sim1 or Mc4r are models of haploinsufficiency causing severe early-onset obesity with hyperphagia...

Abstract: FASEB J. 2019;33:4962–4974.In brief: Glucocorticoid-induced growth impairment is reverted by the mitochondrial peptide humanin in dexamethasone-treated mice without attenuation of anti-inflammatory effects.Comment: Humanin (HN) is a 24 aminoacid peptide that was originally discovered as a neuroprotective factor and later shown ...

Pediatr Diabetes. 2018 May 15. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12691There is a small but significant debate as to whether or not type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are the same disease with albeit different course. It might therefore be prudent to include into a chapter on T1D a publication on T2D. This study aimed to describe recent medication patterns and changes in medication patterns and glycemic con...

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019; 7: 231–40. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-587(19)30026-9• This study uses quantitative data from reputable global data sets to demonstrate that the epidemiology of obesity can be framed as a conceptual model of obesity transition.• A new framework to classify the obesity epidemic is proposed that may assist policy makers and r...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Mar 1;103(3):1042-1047See Comment under 2.4....